Self-harm/Self-injury
The National Association for Mental Illness () defines self-harm or self-injury as 鈥渉urting yourself on purpose鈥�. Mental health professionals sometimes refer to self-harm as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which may help to distinguish some self-harm behaviors from actions that involve an intent to end one鈥檚 life.
Reasons some people may engage in self-harm behavior
For some, self-injury may provide a temporary sense of relief. The reports that 鈥渟elf-injury usually develops as an attempt to cope with emotional distress, and some people [self-harm] when they feel overwhelming sadness, anxiety or emotional numbness. This behavior is also sometimes used as a form of self-punishment, and a way to outwardly express inner pain.鈥�
Self-harm may emerge from a normal desire to:
- feel better,
- regulate or cope with difficult or painful emotions, and
- experience a greater sense of agency.
notes that 鈥渞esearch shows that, often, self-injury is used as a maladaptive coping mechanism to deal with intense emotions.鈥� The self-harm behavior may be a physical reflection of what the person wishes to experience emotionally 鈥� namely, to experience and heal from pain.
Therapy and self-help resources may help persons who self-injure to:
- Identify internal and external factors that activate distress and contribute to self-harm behavior.
- Strengthen and practice a broader range of coping skills for experiencing and regulating difficult emotions and to interrupt patterns of negative thinking.
- Choose specific coping strategies that reliably help to manage different sources or types of distress.
Coping skills to manage or reduce distress:
- Mindfulness techniques
- Relaxation and stress management techniques
- Self-care for mental health 鈥�
- Non-competitive exercise / gentle physical fitness
- Expressive activities that are soothing or playful 鈥� coloring, painting, using clay
- Listen to or play music that is calming, grounding
- Distraction
- Replacement behaviors that do not cause physical harm
- Journaling/ writing to express emotion, to practice more positive self-talk, and to identify a coping skill to try next
Self-help resources
Text-based support:
Apps:
- (free)
- coloring book for iOS (free daily image)
- coloring for Android and iOS
- Check out the CC Mindfulness and Relaxation resource pages for even more apps
Websites:
- The Cornell Research Program on Self-injury Resources and Recovery (CRPSIRR) website has an abundance of information pertaining to and for people who self-injure and for the people who care about them.
- NAMI provides compassionate, nonjudgmental guidance for with people who have engaged in self-harm.
- (SiOS)
- (TWLOHA) 鈥渋s a non-profit movement dedicated to presenting hope and finding help for people struggling with depression, addiction, self-injury, and suicide鈥�
- is a great resource from Active Minds about listening and responding with care when someone in distress chooses to confide in you.
Videos:
- (TedTalk)
Medical attention
鈥淯nlike suicide attempts, self-harming behaviors are not driven by a desire to end one鈥檚 life. However, some self-injurious behaviors may be life-threatening鈥� (). Wounds from self-injury may be at risk for infection. Resources are available on-campus and off-campus.
On-campus medical services:
- Health Services
- Campus Safety: (518) 580-5566
Off-campus medical services:
- Saratoga Hospital at Wilton Medical Arts
- Saratoga Hospital
Therapy
The Counseling Center is available to provide support and assistance for acute concerns related to self-injury, or for consultation about the self-injury of a friend. Those who are interested in receiving ongoing therapy for these concerns can access our local referral database, or can make a referral consultation appointment with a Counseling Center clinician so we can help you identify the most appropriate treatment options.
Citations:
The content and resources on this webpage were adapted from and/or include links to professional mental health websites (CRPSIRR), conference materials (Barent Walsh, Ph.D.), online resources designed for professionals and the public (NAMI; Active Minds; TWLOHA; JED Foundation), and various 91精简版 and Saratoga-area resources.